An Jung-geun was born in 1879, in Haeju, Hwanghae-do. In 1894, when he was sixteen years of age, he joined his father, who set out to crush the Donghak rebel army, leading Sanpogun, on the request of the Province governor. In 1906, he founded Samheung School and also took over an existing school (Donui hakgyo), devoting much of his time to managing these schools. Later when he entered into armed struggle against the occupying Japanese, An Jung-geun launched attacks on Japanese reconnaissance squadrons. On October 26, 1909 when the train carrying Ito Hirobumi arrived at the Harbin Station, An Jung-geun shot him three times as he was walking away from a group of Russian army officials he had just finished inspecting, killing him. An Jung-geun was incarcerated in Lushun Prison and was executed on March 26, 1910. This calligraphy that reads “Yokbodongyang seongaejeonggye sigwasilgi chuhoehageup” was written for Orita Tadasu, who fought in the Russo-Japanese War (in the capacity of Jeonui) and who later was stationed in Lushun Prison in Manchuria, after the war. When he returned to Japan upon the liberation of Korea in 1945, he gave it to his nephew Orita Ganji. Decades later (February 20, 1989), Orita Ganji donated this calligraphy to Dankook University. The calligraphy contains an exhortation to Japan’s political leadership, warning them against their war of aggression: “If you wish to protect Asia, you must first renounce your plans for invasion. Act now, lest you regret your inaction.” The sixteen-character text is written in two vertical lines, on a sheet of high-quality Chinese paper made in Anhui Xing. Along the left edge of the sheet are the name of the author, date and the place, written in ink –‘By Korean national An Jung-geun, third month of Gyeongsul Year, Lushun Prison,’ together with An Jung-geun’s palm mark. This item is considered of great significance for research into An Jung-geun’s biography and the history of the Korean independence movement.