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Avatamsaka Sutra (The Flower Garland Sutra), Zhou Version, the First Tripitaka Koreana Edition, Volume 36

초조본 대방광불화엄경 주본 권36 ( 初雕本 大方廣佛華嚴經 周本 卷三十六 )

Heritage Search Detail
Classification National Treasure
Name of Cultural Properties Avatamsaka Sutra (The Flower Garland Sutra), Zhou Version, the First Tripitaka Koreana Edition, Volume 36
Quantity 1 Volume of 1 Bundle
Designated Date 1993.04.27
Age 11th-12th century (Goryeo)
Address 58-0, Oak Valley 2-gil, Wonju, Gangwon-do

Daebanggwangbul Avatamsaka Sutra is also called by its shortened name Avatamsaka Sutra. The main idea in this Buddhist scripture is that the Buddha and all other living things are not two different entities, but one. Along with the Lotus Sutra, this principal scripture of the Avatamsaka Sutra is one of the books that have the greatest influence in the establishment of Korean Buddhist philosophy. This is Book No. 36 among the 80 books of the original edition of Avatamsaka Sutra translated by Sikṣānanda of the Tang Dynasty of China. It is a part of the Tripitaka Original, which was made during the reign of King Hyeonjong (1011~1031) of the Goryeo Period in an attempt to counter an aggression by Kitan on the strength of Buddha. This book is produced by woodblock printing on mulberry papers and designed to be stored in the form of a scroll. It is made by joining in a row seventeen pieces of papers, each of which is 891cm long and 28.5cm wide. There are several differences between the Tripitaka Original and the Tripitaka at Haeinsa Temple (also known as the Tripitaka Second or the Tripitaka Koreana), which were produced much later. The former has more sophisticatedly carved wood blocks than the latter. It has a different number of characters, while not showing the year of production. Respect is expressed by omitting a stroke from the letter or replacing it with a synonymous word when a letter in the name of the preceding king appears, and abbreviated characters are found in several places. In addition, the Tripitaka Original often uses the words 'jang (丈)' and 'pok (幅)' to indicate the chapters in the books, whereas the Haeinsa Temple version uses a uniform expression of 'jang (張)' (using a different Chinese character). In this book, a stroke is omitted from all Chinese characters that are pronounced 'gyeong (敬)'. The chapters are expressed in terms of 'jang (丈)'. The number of characters in a line is only fourteen, not seventeen as in the case of the Haeinsa Temple version. A stroke is omitted from all Chinese characters that are pronounced 'gyeong (敬)', the first letter in the preceding king's name. All these imply that this book is a woodblock print of the Tripitaka Original. The condition of the printing as well as the quality of the papers suggests this book is published sometime between the 11th and 12th century, during the reign of King Hyeonjong of the Goryeo Period.